The Buryat people are famous for observing the traditions of their ancestors. They have many customs in a special way. Therefore, when going to a Buryat wedding, it is necessary to study at least a little the history of this people.
All this is done so as not to look stupid at the event and to understand why this or that action is being performed. In addition, Buryat congratulations stand out separately. To compile it, it is worth understanding how the entire wedding procession goes and what is best to wish for the newlyweds.
Features of a Buryat wedding
Wedding wishes in Buryat language.
The Buryat wedding begins from childhood for many people. Parents choose a bride or groom for their newborn child. If the two parties manage to agree on matchmaking, then the parents exchange special belts as a sign that they have sealed their union.
As surprising as it may sound, in many families husbands and wives are destined to be husbands from birth. Therefore, they come to a conscious life and growing up with a ready-made partner. Parents prepare their children for this step in advance, so there are no hysterics or whims. After all, listening to parents in everything is one of the duties of the Buryat people.
The organizer of wedding processions in the national style is advised to organize the celebration together. During the buyout they also decide who is responsible for what. It is best to make several teams at once, in which a responsible person is appointed. For example, one solves the issue of cars, and the other solves the problem of a restaurant.
During the matchmaking itself, the bride’s parents pretend that they do not understand at all why the matchmakers have come and in every possible way lead them away with their questions. At this time, matchmakers must respond with dignity and still resolve the issue with the bride.
The father sets a dowry for the bride. Previously it was livestock, now there may be a cash option or gifts. Matchmaking should not last more than 2-3 hours. Otherwise, the bride's parents may simply kick the matchmakers out. At the event itself, it is discussed what time of year the wedding will take place. The bride and groom are also present, but have the least say.
This is interesting: Heartfelt and touching wedding congratulations for a friend or girlfriend
The modern wedding itself in the Buryat style takes place according to European canons. After visiting the bride's house, guests and all relatives go to the restaurant. There should be an abundance of food on the tables. No one cares whether everyone eats it or not.
The main thing is to order more, so that your future life will be rich and fulfilling. There is an abundance of meat and fish. The Buryat meat is beef. At the banquet itself, the restaurant always hosts entertainment, competitions, and at the end of it all there is a disco. Well wishes in Buryat language for a wedding:
Hurim turyn ureelnүd
Egeel һaykhye hүsegshe: Egeshe, duner, ezhytnay.
KHURIMAY ҮREELN-ҮD
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Үber deeree үrgehen Ezhygee һanazha yabaarai, Ezhel nүherteee Ebtey amgalan zhargaarai.
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Khuney hazhuuda zergelhe khubuүutey bolooroi, Khulegey khoino zhoroolho unagatai yabaaray.
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Khadamai holo gazarta Eheee kanazha yabaarai, Berhesheeltei sagai boloo khaan, Esegeeee ganazha yabaarai.
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Altan delkhein nyurgan deere Azhabaidal beleglen Aba, ezhy khoorһoosh Үnetey yuumen baikhagyi, Үе naһandaa һanazha yabaaray!
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Orokoniye ugtazha, Garanganiye үdeshezhe, Urduuraa garganiye undaluulzha, Hoyguuraa garanganiye үndelzhe yabaaray!
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Oshon gazartaa olon bolozho, Bayhan gazartaa bayan bolozho, Khododoo khain yabazha, Enkhe amgalan zhargaarai!
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Zondo hellsulenguy, Golden Zhargaltai Beri gүүlezhe yabaarai. Eryn ukhaanda abtanguy, Ehenerey deezhe Erkhim gүүlezhe yabaarai!
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Khara torgo hadkhan oshooroi, Hadam baabaydaa murgen oshooroi. Khuhe torgo hushen ereerey, Khurgen hүbүүnde mүrgen oshooroy!
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Doloon hanatay gerye Dobo gazarta bodkhozho, Doloo, naiman hүbүүdey Ekhen bolozho zhargaaray!
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Ulaagshan үeneney erekhede, Һulga master ugtaarai. Urag elgeney erekhede, Urag ulaan saigaar ugtaaray.
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Uree unagantnay morin bolog, Uri hүүgedtnay hүn bolog. Enkhe zhargaltai, munkhe neretey, Bayan beligtey, duren heshegtey huugaaraigty.
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Uuzham toonto nyutagtaa, Үlzy һaykhan dayadaa Ulaan narayaa ugtazha, Udaan jargal edlagty.
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Ebdersheguy ebtey, kulashagyu duratay, Uta nakha nahalzha, Udaan jargal edlezhe, Amgalan zhegde, tegshe khaykhan kuukhatnay boltogoy!
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Buyan heshegtei khanilzha, Uyan sedheltei yabagty. Hatuu zorig barizha, Hamag berhesheel dabagty!
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Aha zakha zonoo Khundelzhe hododoo huragty, Ehe esegyn zakhyaae Edlezhe duren yabagty.
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Urda hormoygoo asha gushanartaa geshkhuuleerey, Khoito hormoygoo khoni khurgadtaa geshkhuuleerey.
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Hada geshhebeb gezhe, Khalyu geshhezhe yabaarai. Buta geshhebeb gezhe, Bulga geshhezhe yabaarai.
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Taban hushuun maltnay targan, Tarag, airagtnay biltarzha bayg, Һүri үbһentnay elbeg, Һү, taragtnay biltarzha bayg.
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Ayanda yababal olzotoy, Anda yababal, ganzagatai yabaaray, Aba ezhydee ashatay, Akha duudee hairatay yabaaraigty.
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Mungen shengy munhe neretey, Mushen shengy munhe solotoy, Tumen zone turuu yabaarayt, Olon zone oroy yabaarait.
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Uula shengi under uhaatay, Dalai shengi nomin zurkhetey, Holye kharazha bүһelen toiroho Berkhe khubүүd, basagad bolooroit!
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Khudan ehe ukhatai, Khuudam urgen talatai, Khamtyn bayan azhaltai, Khani olon nukhadtey, Onder sagaan bayshantay, Uner golden huugaarait.
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Wishes in Buryat language
Very often, congratulatory speeches at Buryat weddings are heard in Russian. This shouldn't surprise anyone. Besides, everyone will understand you right away.
Buryat wedding wishes in the Buryat language.
Our dear newlyweds, May everything in your life be okay. Have children as soon as possible. And more boys and fewer girls. And then you will have a lot of diapers. Well, when you get tired of diapers, you let your grandmothers babysit them. Please accept our comic congratulations, It will be even sweeter than jam. Don’t be offended by us, but rather go give birth.
- I would like to congratulate the newlyweds on your first marriage. And let it be the last, decisive and happy. They say that the first pancake is lumpy. But let your pancake be the most beautiful, tasty and juicy. Then everything will definitely work out in your life.
- A man once could not stand it and turned to God with the question of why he made women both stupid and beautiful. Then God replied that they were beautiful so that men would love them. And they are stupid because this is the only way they can love men themselves.
Matchmaking in Buryatia: main traditions
In Buryatia, matchmaking is a kind of harbinger of an imminent wedding and in the popular language is referred to as Khadag Tabilga. In ancient times, the future bride and son-in-law were usually chosen from the cradle. The agreement was strengthened by the exchange of sashes and hadags between the fathers; the ritual was akin to an indestructible legal contract. In case of violation, the guilty party was obliged to pay compensation in the form of a pair of heads of cattle.
Today, in a number of places the tradition has become obsolete, and in some places it has simply changed. Now the so-called hadag is brought up and a thread is pulled out of it and passed back.
It is worth noting that the traditions of the Buryat wedding suggest the possibility of the bride refusing to celebrate until the significant day, which does not deprive her of free will.
Those Buryats who professed shamanism perform rituals to appease spirits, and there is also a ritual of Lamaism. In which the lama chooses the day and time of the celebration and matchmaking. Traditionally, the choice is made according to Zuhrai, that is, the ancient astrology of Tibet.
On the appointed day of matchmaking, representatives from the groom’s side, usually 5-7 people, sometimes 3, go to the bride’s house. It is noteworthy that the girl’s side knew about the guests and their number in advance. Nowadays deviations from odd numbers are allowed and an even number of visitors is accepted. This fact plays a special role due to the fact that there is a ceremony of exchanging gifts.
There is the most venerable representative of the matchmaker retinue, he is traditionally called Khudyn Turu. There are special requirements for him: he must be physically and mentally healthy, have a large family and a healthy wife, and also have general well-being. In Buryatia, certain requirements are put forward for ambassadors:
- you should give preference to a car rather than a lame horse;
- parking in front of the bride's house is not allowed, as it is considered a bad omen;
- the matchmakers themselves must enter the house according to the Nara Zub, that is, according to the movement of the Sun;
- in a number of regions, matchmakers approach Bukhran immediately, making an offering.
After observing the rituals, ritual conversations begin. At this stage, qualities such as ingenuity and a sense of humor appear. The nuance is that despite the agreement between the parties, the bride’s parents pretend that they are not aware of the real purpose of the matchmakers’ arrival, and the task of the groom’s side is to get out of the situation as delicately as possible, but at the same time with humor, and bring the dialogue to the beginning of the real purpose of the visit. Despite its apparent simplicity, the task ahead is not easy. After the process, a hadak is presented to Bukhran and certain prayers are read.
Toasts in Buryat language
It is customary to make toasts to the clink of crystal glasses. It is believed that in this way you congratulate the newlyweds and sweeten the strong drink for everyone.
- One day, two sisters decided to celebrate their own wedding. But that evening an old woman knocked on their house. The older sister sent her away, saying that they had an important event. The younger one seated the old woman at the table and treated her to the same as the rest of the guests. Then the old woman gave the sisters glasses. After this, the eldest began to see the world as gloomy and dark, everything and everyone irritated her. She constantly lashed out at her husband and lived in quarrels. The younger sister began to love and idolize the whole world. Everything in her life became festive and cheerful. Let's raise a glass to our bride and wish her to meet an old sorceress who can give her rose-colored glasses.
- One day a woman came to confession to a priest, she said that she wanted a divorce. According to her, there were always quarrels and resentment in the house. From now on, her husband no longer loves her. Then the priest replied that marriage and family are a beautiful flower that must be taken care of. It should be watered and fertilized, only then will it be able to bloom and even bear fruit.
- Once upon a time, Adam and Eve settled in paradise. God gave them a strict order to take care of all nature and the beauty that surrounds them. Today the newlyweds entered their paradise. Let us wish them never to meet an apple of discord on their way, to love each other and the surrounding paradise. You have your own little world that requires warmth, love and care.
Basic qualities of young people
Like any people, the Buryats highly valued certain qualities of future young people, regardless of social class. The more positive aspects a person has, the more enviable the bride or groom. For example, the valuable qualities of a young woman included the following characteristics:
- natural beauty and healthy body;
- quickness and ingenuity;
- housekeeping skills;
- ability to embroider and sew.
The groom has a list of 9 main qualities that were most valued in society. Namely:
- knowledge in the field of blacksmithing;
- mastery of any craft;
- whip tying skill;
- the art of stringing a bow;
- hunter and rider skills;
- wrestling skills;
- craftsman skill;
- It is advisable to win at least one local strength and agility competition.
Like any other nation, in a number of villages in Buryatia there is still a stage of matchmaking with its own customs and nuances.
Poems for weddings in Buryat language
Poems will sound appropriate in absolutely any language. It is no coincidence that they are considered classics of modern literature.
On this magical day, we all gathered. So that at such a wonderful hour, To taste the thread of love. Our newlyweds are embarking on the path of their love. Let's wish them to keep her stronger. You love each other tenderly and passionately, Never forget about passion. And at that moment your task will be to protect your hearts.
- A spring day is blooming, and lilacs smell to us. Today we have gathered on one happy day, To unite our hearts and rejoice for you. Thank you, let us tell you, for sharing this hour with us. Love is in the air, It is everywhere, but I will quickly raise my glass. For your universal happiness, which will completely envelop you. and let the bad weather never be at home.
- Please accept our congratulations, We have gathered today for a reason. We would like to congratulate you. And read your poems. We wish you good health, so that it lasts for a long time. May good luck accompany you, and may the journey always be happy.
Hadag
Folded narrow silk cloth offered as a sign of respect and good wishes
Participants in the holiday in honor of the 1000th anniversary of the national heroic epic "Geser" with the symbol of hospitality of the Buryat people - hadag. 1995 © Vladimir Matvievsky / TASS Photo Chronicle
Hadag Also found in the spelling hadak. - the main attribute of Buryat culture, equally used by Buryats in both religious and everyday ceremonies. Initially common among Buryat Buddhists, in the post-Soviet era, hadags began to be used by Buryat shamanists. Two religions are widespread among the Buryats: shamanism and Buddhism. Most Buryats are bi-religious, but there are also those who adhere to only one religion. as universal symbols of hospitality, goodwill, honor, respect and recognition of merit. Hadag is presented not only to respected people - Buddhist clerics-lamas, elders, dignitaries and athletes - but also to images of deities on the gungarbaa (goddess), as well as to the master spirits of numerous sacred places (oboo, or barisa) throughout ethnic Buryatia. Hadag also serves as a talisman: drivers place it in their cars above the windshield and hang it on poles and trees on dangerous sections of the road.
Hadag is also an indispensable attribute of the matchmaking ceremony. It ends in the bride’s house with the hadag tabiha ritual, which means “putting a hadag”: the main matchmaker on the groom’s side places the straightened hadag on the shrine, thereby asking permission to take the bride into the groom’s family not only from her parents, but also from the deities on the shrine. If it comes to a wedding, relatives will certainly ask: “Did they put up a hadag?” or “When will they install the hadag?” - to begin full preparation for the upcoming celebration.
A little mythical
The etymology of the word goes back to the Tibetan language. “Tengeri” is how it sounds in Tibetan and means “sky”. There is one legend that explains the origin and symbolism of the Khadak.
People turned to heaven with prayers. Buddhas, deities, boddhisattvas heard the requests and descended from heaven, mountain peaks to the earth, shining with colors of five colors. They personified the elements: earth, water, fire, wind and space.
Together they symbolized the unity of rebirth and awakening. The shining colors, descending, turned into weightless matter, like silk.
Now, by presenting multi-colored hadaks, Buddhists seem to hint that the one to whom they are given deserves respect, like a deity.
Secret marriage ritual: bride kidnapping
The basis of the first two marriage options is matchmaking and a preliminary agreement between families. Today, ransoming a bride with a bride price is considered a tribute to culture and a kind of fun. When entering into an alliance, a number of established social rules are usually adhered to. For example, it was impossible to marry relatives on the paternal side up to the 8th generation. But no restrictions were placed on the mother’s line of relatives.
There is a type of marriage called “bride kidnapping” and is considered a secret wedding ritual. There are both imaginary abductions and those against the will of the bride. Moreover, the first option is most often caused by either the financial situation of the groom and the impossibility of paying the bride price; it usually occurs by mutual agreement of the parties. The second option, although it occurs today, is gradually becoming obsolete.
Definition of Bukhran and Hadak
Many people are not familiar with the meaning of the words Bukhran and Khadak. Bukhran translated from the Turkic language means “Master of the place”. This is a special place in the house, which is marked by an image of either Buddha or another representative of that culture. This is a cult place, because it is after the words of the main matchmaker “Bukhran allows” that the stage of feasting and exchange of gifts during the matchmaking period begins.
The most popular pieces of fabric for women are 5 m in length, as well as shirts for men. An important nuance: the feast stage is limited in time to 3 hours. At the end, after a successful conversation, the parties agree on the time of the wedding ceremony. Usually the ceremony is held in autumn or summer. Previously, the day was chosen based on the nomadic calendar, but the life of a new family had to start during the full moon or new moon.
A specific date was usually set at the datsan. In open areas it rises on the edges of roads or hills. Here sacrifices were made from everything that was of value to a particular person. Moreover, for some, simple matches may have value, for others, money. Usually presented in the form of a tree, boulder and pillars. The place was marked with symbolic ribbons.
Simply put, Bukhran is an echo of ancient paganism, and the owner of Lake Baikal was often called the word. His influence has not outlived its usefulness even today; rituals of sacrifice to the ruler of the great lake are still found in the modern country.
The wedding ceremony stops near every Bukhran, and there are quite a few of them in every region. Usually, they drink a glass or two of alcohol and eat a hearty meal. Sometimes the place is simply doused with milk vodka, in other words, tarasun, after which gifts are presented. The couple is greeted with white food, usually a plate of milk, and hadaks - a scarf, the length of which is maximum 4 meters, minimum 60 cm. Next, the newlyweds are showered with ryom, rose petals, as well as grain and coins.
Ceremony of refreshments for the bride's family by the groom's family
Usually a fire was lit in an open space and the groom's family took out the food brought to the place. Traditionally it was meat and milk vodka, tarasun. An honorary local resident held a ceremony of sacrificing brought food for the patrons of the land. In this way, the young man showed respect for the Ognons - the spirits of the ancestors, family and clan of the bride. He asked them to provide protection, to include themselves as members of the bride’s clan and to help support the younger generation and the well-being of the newly-made family.
