- Conditions of nikah
- History of marriage reform
- Basics of Nikah
- Requirements for the bride and groom
- Nikah of a Muslim with a Christian
- Nikah with an unbelieving woman
- Age of marriage for girls and boys
- Stages of wedding Smotrina
- Consent to marriage or nikah
- Seriousness of intentions
- Formula for pronouncing the introduction in nicknames
- Marriage contract
- Mahr
Nikah in Islam or nikah - translated from Arabic means “marriage” and is similar among Muslims in its meaning and effect to the terms “marriage”, “marriage”, “wedding” (in Arabic: “zawaj”, “javaz”, “ urs"). The meaning of the term nikah in Islam is interpreted as “marriage that is concluded between a man and a woman.”
Nikah is an agreement or marriage contract between a man and a woman who enter into marriage, under certain mandatory conditions.
Conditions of nikah
A man and a woman who decide to get married must have reached the age of majority according to Islam, and also have reason, that is, they must consciously be prepared for adult life and be adequately aware of the responsibility that family life places on a person.
Islam puts forward certain conditions that must be met in order for the nikah to be recognized as valid.
- The first condition for nikah is a wedding gift or mahr, which must be given to the bride by her groom. Mahr should not be confused with bride price, which is a kind of ransom paid according to Central Asian tradition to the bride's family. Mahr is a gift specifically to the bride, and not to her father or relatives, as is the case with kalym. A mahr gift is not necessarily a monetary gift, but a valuable one. In a hadith, the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ told one of his companions that he should get married, even if he does not have sufficient financial resources, and in such situations, suras from the Holy Book of the Koran can be mahr. The Scripture speaks of the need to observe mahr in order for nikah to be recognized as real.
- The second condition for nikah is that a Muslim bride can belong to the “People of the Book,” that is, be a Jew or a Christian, but a Muslim cannot marry a pagan or polytheist. A Muslim woman can only marry a Muslim man.
- The third condition for nikah: in order for the nikah to be recognized as valid, a certain formula must be pronounced in Arabic: the bride’s guardian pronounces zawwajta (“I gave in marriage”) in the past tense, and the groom says kabilta (“I accepted the marriage”), and between the utterances of these formulas there should not be a long break in time.
- The fourth condition for nikah: according to the rules of a number of madhhabs, when performing nikah during the first marriage, the bride must be present with her confidant - this is the opinion of the Hanbalis, Shafiites and Malikis, but the Hanafis believe that when concluding a marriage or nikah, even if it is the first, the bride can be present unaccompanied by a guardian or proxy.
- The fifth condition for nikah: during the conclusion of the nikah, the presence of witnesses is necessary. They can be either two men, or one man and two women, according to the Hanafi madhhab. According to Hanafi theologians, if only women are present as witnesses, then such a nikah will not be recognized as valid. Also, Shafi'is and Hanbalis, unlike Hanafis, believe that only people who deserve trust can be witnesses.
Among the mandatory conditions that must be met in order for the nikah to be considered valid are also:
- consent to the marriage of a woman and a Muslim man (the consent of the bride if the first or second nikah is being concluded is required in both cases);
- permission of the bride's guardian;
- presence of witnesses;
- payment of mahr;
- the husband's maintenance of his wife, as well as his good treatment of her;
- fulfilling marital responsibilities;
- spouse's maintenance of children.
Gift for the bride - Mahr
At the end of the nikah ceremony, the mullah will ask the groom to show the groom's gift to the bride (mahr) to the witnesses and those present. Mahr is a prerequisite for nikah. And the cost cannot be lower than 6-7 thousand rubles. The bride must tell the groom in advance what kind of gift she wants. Most often they give jewelry: earrings, ring, bracelet or neck chain. Before reading the final prayer, guests give each other small donations in honor of Allah Almighty, most often a small amount of money. After the completion of the religious ceremony, they begin the festive feast. The mullah issues the newlyweds a nikah certificate, which records the dates of birth of the newlyweds, the name of the mullah who read the nikah, and the location of the nikah. During the feast, congratulations and wishes to the young family begin, and gifts are given. Families congratulate each other that they have become part of one big family.
Clothes for Nikah
At Nikah, all those present must be dressed appropriately for such a day. For a man, the main attribute is the presence of a skullcap. Women must wear a dress that covers their arms to the hands and legs to the toes. There must be a scarf on the head, and the hair should not be visible either. For brides now there is a very huge selection of dresses and scarves, of any color and for every taste. Also, many couples dress in the same tone, for example, the groom's shirt and the bride's dress are the same color. In this case, you will need to do a little work to prepare your outfits. There is also a service for tying scarves in an unusual way. Such services are available in mosques, or you can invite the craftswoman to the bride’s home.
Basics of Nikah
In the modern Muslim world, the nikah procedure is based on three components, following each other: on the part of the groom - a proposal for marriage, on the part of the bride - acceptance of this proposal, and on the part of the bride's confidant, who can be her father or older brother, as well as a person acting as the bride's guardian.
When concluding a nikah between a Muslim and a non-Muslim, consent can also be given by the bride’s confidant, who is not related to her, but is a Muslim - this practice is used in the case of a nikah between a Muslim and a Christian or Jewish woman.
Muslim wedding traditions
The Nikah tradition provides for four conditions, having fulfilled which, lovers can be united in sacred marriage. Firstly, any male relative on the bride's side must be present at the ceremony. The second condition is the presence of witnesses - Muslim men, one each from the bride and groom.
The third condition: the nikah ceremony can be performed only after the groom pays the bride price due for the bride - bride price. Modern bride price, as a rule, is purely symbolic, and is rather paid as a tribute to traditions. And finally, the most important condition is the desire of the newlyweds to get married and live a family life. Official notification of marriage is not required; after marriage, the newlyweds receive a certificate, and in many countries it is an official marriage document.
Nikah, whose traditions come from antiquity, has undergone many changes today. Some of its customs were borrowed from other countries. This, for example, is the well-known custom of bride kidnapping. In former times, a young man kidnapped a girl from home only when there was no hope of her or her parents' voluntary consent to marriage. After the abduction, the girl was considered dishonored, and only a wedding could wash away the shame from her and her family. So the parents had no choice but to give their blessing for the marriage. However, they could require the groom to pay a dowry twice the traditional amount.
According to the Koran, in order to enter into a sacred marriage union and obtain the girl’s voluntary consent to the wedding, a young man in love with her had to first explain his feelings for the girl, being with her in a public place, and only then inform her family of his intentions to enter into a legal marriage .
Requirements for the bride and groom
Modern Muslims are not always fully aware of how to correctly interpret the term nikah and what responsibilities are assigned to spouses when concluding nikah.
Islam considers nikah to be a godly deed, permitted to every Muslim. Islam recommends that the bride and groom match in terms of social, social, financial status, as well as mutual sympathy, and similarity of types in moral and spiritual development, age characteristics, but this is not a requirement for marriage.
There are certain restrictions in Islam, which include the bride falling under the category of “mahram”, that is, if she is the groom’s mother, both biological and dairy, grandmother or daughter, sister, both biological and dairy, granddaughter, as well as niece, aunt, mother-in-law, stepmother, stepdaughter or daughter-in-law. Nikah is considered permitted if the degree of relationship between spouses is beyond the third degree.
The Holy Book of the Koran prohibits Muslim women from marrying a non-Muslim. Muslim men cannot marry unbelieving women, agnostics and atheists, as well as pagans, and Muslims are allowed to marry Christians and Jews, but it is not desirable.
If we are talking about marrying women from the “People of the Book”, Christians or Jews, in a non-Muslim country, then this is makrooh tahrim, which borders on prohibition.
A Muslim cannot cohabit with a woman without entering into a nikah with her; this is regarded as haram and adultery.
If a person who is incomplete and incompetent enters into marriage, the decision is made for him by his guardian, his master or an intermediary.
During the times of slavery, Islam also regulated the relations between masters and their slaves; in Islam, Nikah with his slave or slave was not allowed, but cohabitation with a slave was allowed to her master, but the best solution was to free the slave and marry her as a free woman with the rights of a wife, This is what the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ did with some of his wives. Marriages between slaves were allowed, but slaves were required to obtain permission from their master, and the number of wives for a slave was limited to two.
A Muslim can have a maximum of four wives, but if he wants to marry again after already having four wives, he should first divorce one of them. According to Islam, a woman is prohibited from having multiple husbands.
When choosing a bride, Islam instructs a man to pay attention to such qualities as her religiosity, as well as her character, external beauty and ability to bear children for him, as well as her origin.
Matchmaking as part of tradition
Nikah among the Tatars is usually preceded by matchmaking, during which the groom's relatives propose to the bride's relatives and together negotiate the terms of the future marriage. Before the Nikah, the groom is not allowed to be alone with the bride. Nikah is often held at the end of autumn, after the end of agricultural work. The bride and groom prepare rich gifts for each other on nicknames. On the bride’s side these are, as a rule, handicrafts, on the groom’s side – various decorations and other symbols of his wealth. Nickname gifts among the Bashkirs consisted of horses and cattle. The groom handed over one of the horses to the bride's father, and the rest of the herd could be disposed of by the bride herself. Most, as a rule, were slaughtered for wedding treats. When the groom paid the bride price, the bride's father gave a rich dowry, which could be even larger than the size of the bride price.
There is an interesting custom that is carried out on nicknames among Muslims. The marriage document records the act of transferring the groom's wedding gift to the bride. Usually this is an expensive gold jewelry that the bride wears on herself and can sell in case of financial difficulties, providing for herself.
Compliance with Nikah traditions still plays a huge role in concluding a marital union. Violation of any custom can even become a reason for divorce. The ceremony can be held either at home or in a mosque. The mullah reads a certain sura of the Koran to the young people, giving them instructions for their future life together. Then the holiday begins in the groom's house - thuy, which could last two or three days.
On our wedding portal, you will find information about why you dream of an engagement ring, what documents to change when changing your last name, and here you can also find congratulations on your wedding in prose and much more.
>How to perform nikah correctly
» How to conduct it correctly
Nikah of a Muslim with a Christian
What should a woman be like to become an ideal wife for a Muslim?
It is said that a woman from the “People of the Book” must be chaste in order for a Muslim to marry her. According to Abu Jafar ibn Jarir at-Tabari, a virtuous woman means inaccessible or chaste, that is, one who maintains her chastity, abstains and protects her genitals from debauchery.
Allah Almighty said about Maryam, the daughter of Imran, that she was chaste, preserved her chastity, that is, she preserved her genitals from the forbidden and distanced herself from debauchery. Chastity is applied here not only to women of the Book, but also to Muslim women. At-Tabari quotes the words of Allah Almighty that Muslims “are permitted chaste women from among those who believe and chaste women from among those to whom the Book was given before you.” Some scholars believed that these words imply that the People of the Book, which includes the woman whom a Muslim is planning to marry, should not be at war with Muslims.
An important condition is that a Muslim man, when planning to marry a Christian or Jewish woman, must be sure that the child who will be born to him from this woman will not be forced into unbelief in the future. That is, a Muslim should not marry a non-Muslim woman in a non-Muslim country, since in such a country his child may not be raised in Islam, he may be forced to study Christianity and be taken to church. In such countries there may also be a law according to which a woman can take a child and raise him herself in the religion of her people and according to her customs.
Delicate chak-chak that melts in your mouth
Melt-in-your-mouth chak-chak is a popular honey dessert of Tatar cuisine. It is a small mound of unleavened dough, deep-fried, soaked in sweet syrup.
Cooking time: 180 min.
Cooking time: 90 min.
Servings: 6.
Ingredients:
- Wheat flour – 3 tbsp.
- Chicken eggs – 2 pcs.
- Yolk – 2 pcs.
- Dry yeast – 2 pinches.
- Water - as needed.
- Salt – 1 pinch.
- Sunflower oil – 2 tbsp.
- For the syrup:
- Honey – 400 ml.
- Sugar – 130 gr.
Cooking process:
1. Beat chilled chicken eggs and yolks until fluffy foam is obtained.
2. Add sifted flour to the beaten eggs in several stages and knead the dough.
3. During the kneading process, add a little ice water and continue kneading. Then add the instant yeast and salt.
4. The dough should be kneaded for at least 10 minutes so that it is elastic and not sticky. Then wrap it in cling film and put it in the refrigerator for half an hour.
5. Remove the dough from the refrigerator and divide it into 4 parts. Roll each piece into a thin layer.
6. Then cut the dough into thin strips 1.5-2 centimeters in length.
7. Pour vegetable oil into the pan, boil it and place the dough pieces into the pan. Deep fry them until golden brown.
8. Place the finished dough on a paper napkin to drain excess fat.
9. Place honey in a saucepan and add sugar. Stirring constantly, bring the mixture to a boil.
10. Pour hot syrup over the golden strips of dough and mix well.
11. Place the chak-chak on a flat plate, shape the workpiece into a slide and compact it a little. When the syrup has cooled completely, the chak-chak can be served.
Bon appetit!
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Age of marriage for girls and boys
Representatives of all madhhabs agree that a woman and a man entering into marriage and pronouncing the nikah formula must be adults (from Arabic “baligh”), as well as sane.
A woman who is a virgin cannot enter into nikah without the consent of her guardian, even after reaching adulthood.
Ijma or the consensus of all scholars from all madhhabs implies that the onset of menstruation and the opportunity to become pregnant and give birth to a child is sufficient to allow a woman to marry, but the age of majority is set differently by different madhhabs if menstruation is absent or boys do not have wet dreams.
The Hanbalis and Shafi'is consider the age of majority to be fifteen for both boys and girls, while the Malikis set the age of majority at seventeen. The Hanafis consider the age of majority to be eighteen years old, while the Jafaris set the age of majority for girls at nine years and for boys at fifteen. There is an opinion among some modern scholars among Shiites that girls should not enter into nikah at such an early age.
A quick recipe for cooking chak-chak in a frying pan
Chuck-chak, prepared independently at home, is much tastier than store-bought. Although you will have to tinker a little with the dough, the delicious dessert is definitely worth it. This dish can even be served for a holiday.
Cooking time: 90 min.
Cooking time: 60 min.
Servings: 6.
Ingredients:
- Chicken eggs – 4 pcs.
- Wheat flour – 350 gr.
- Salt - to taste.
- Baking soda – 2 pinches.
- Honey – 1 tbsp.
- Sugar – 1 tbsp.
- Oil - for deep frying.
Cooking process:
1. Sift the flour into a bowl, add salt, soda and eggs. Knead the dough and put it in the refrigerator for 15-20 minutes.
2. Roll out the dough very thin and cut into small strips.
3. Pour vegetable oil into the frying pan and fry the dough in portions until golden brown.
4. Transfer the dough to paper towels to drain the oil.
5. Place honey and sugar in a saucepan, boil the syrup and pour it over the dough. Mix the contents of the bowl well, place the chak-chak on a flat dish and let it cool completely.
Bon appetit!
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Stages of marriage
The basis of the procedure for performing an Islamic marriage goes back to the pre-Islamic family-legal complex, and it was developed by Muslim scholars who lived in the first centuries of the existence of Islam.
The stages of an Islamic marriage or nikah include:
- The rite of hitba or matchmaking, an agreement when the groom, independently or through his proxy, makes an offer to the father, guardian or proxy of the bride, and also agrees on mahr, that is, a gift or property that the future husband allocates to his wife, and also negotiates other conditions with them, which are mentioned in the marriage contract.
- Nikah or the actual entry of the bride and groom into a marriage relationship, and only after the Nikah will the marriage be considered complete.
- The ceremony of zifaf or handing over of the bride to the groom's house, followed by the wedding celebration, that is, walima and urs. If the bride is not yet an adult, then her transfer to her husband's house will take place only when the bride reaches adulthood. The prenuptial agreement may be announced during the wedding celebration. Also at this moment, the payment of mahr, or part of the mahr, occurs.
Some theologians, relying on a weak hadith, see it as desirable for the wedding ceremony to take place in a mosque. The conclusion of a marriage contract takes place in front of witnesses.
The wedding ceremony itself depends on the wealth of the couple, their position in society and on how local customs among Muslims dictate how to conduct the ceremony.
It is advisable that friends or relatives be invited to the wedding ceremony in the mosque and the wedding meal.
Modern Muslims register their nikah with a marriage notary or mazun.
In a number of Islamic countries there is a law limiting the number of polygamous marriages, although their percentage has never been high, or it completely prohibits such marriages.
Urs or ritual is a wedding celebration that should be fun and joyful, and this joy should be shared with the newlyweds by their loved ones and relatives. Entertainment during marriage celebrations should be innocent in nature and delight others, decorating the celebration itself. During wedding celebrations, prohibited actions that are contrary to Islam should not be performed, that is, one should not drink alcohol, allow women to spend time together with men, as well as dance and sing songs.
Bride
A Muslim who is going to get married should first look at the woman he is going to marry, so that the woman can get to know the man, and he gets a clear idea about his future wife. A Muslim man can look at the woman he plans to marry, and he can do this repeatedly, but he can only look at her face and hands. Some scholars, including al-Awza'i and Imam Ahmad, were of the opinion in this matter that a man can see a woman's face, hands, as well as her neck, feet and arms.
Consent to marriage or nikah
According to the majority of madhhabs, except for the Hanafis, in order for the nikah to be recognized as valid, it is necessary that each of the parties give voluntary consent, and if the bride is a virgin, then her guardian must also give consent.
This is confirmed by hadiths, which say that the nikah of a woman who marries without the consent of her guardian is invalid . Regarding those women who have already been married, it is said that they have the right to decide for themselves.
Seriousness of intentions
All Sunni madhhabs believe that one cannot pronounce the marriage formula or the divorce formula as a joke, but even in this case the nikah will be considered valid. Marriage can also be concluded in sign language. The Jafarites believe that in both the first and second cases the nikah will not be considered valid.
Formula for pronouncing the introduction in nicknames
The formula of the marriage contract must contain: the proposal itself or ijab, which is made by the bride or her guardian, the response of the groom or his representative, which is called kabul. Pronunciation of this formula is mandatory for the nikah to be recognized as valid. Jurists of the Hanbali and Maliki madhhabs believe that this formula should include the words zavvajt or anqaht, when the bride says “I am married,” as well as kabilta, that is, the groom’s phrase, meaning “I agree.” These madhhabs require that a response to the proposal be made immediately, or the marriage will be regarded as invalid.
According to Hanafi rules, other words and expressions may be used, but they must imply the act of marriage. Also, the Hanafis do not demand an immediate response to the proposal. According to the Shafiites, it is wajib, that is, it is mandatory that the formula use words that, from a grammatical point of view, are derived from the words naqaha or zawaja. All madhhabs agree that the formula can be pronounced in the language that is native to the bride and groom if they cannot pronounce these phrases in Arabic.
Marriage contract
Hanbalis believe that a marriage contract will be valid if the groom undertakes that he will not force his wife to leave her city, as well as the country, will not force her to go on business trips with him, if he undertakes not to take a second and subsequent wives. Hanafis, Shafi'ites and Malikis believe that this condition is not valid, but a marriage with such a condition written in the marriage contract is valid.
Mahr
Mahr is the property that a husband gives to his wife upon marriage. The size and content of the mahr at the time of the conspiracy is determined by agreement of representatives of both parties. If the nikah ends in widowhood, then the mahr remains with the wife, just as if the marriage ends in divorce on the initiative of the husband.
The mahr may contain something of value that may be subject to ownership: money, valuable property, precious metals and stones.
Shariah establishes the minimum amount of mahr, and if its size is not agreed upon at the time of concluding the marriage contract, then the spouse pays the minimum amount. The Hanafi madhhab sets the minimum size of mahr as 33.6 grams of silver, 4.8 grams of gold or an amount equivalent to their value. The Malikis set the minimum size of a mahr at three dirhams, while the Jafarites recognize as mahr anything that has some value.
If there has already been intimacy between the spouses, then the husband is obliged to pay this amount. It is prohibited to pay a lesser amount, even if this was agreed upon in the marriage contract. Nikah cannot be terminated if mahr is not paid by representatives of any Sunni madhhabs, with the exception of the Maliki one.
When exactly the mahr is to be paid is determined at the time of concluding the marriage contract: this is done either immediately, or the mahr is paid in installments, or the mahr is paid upon divorce.
If the mahr is not paid, then the wife has the right to a faskh or conditional divorce, which will last until the mahr is paid.
Exceptions to the rules
Of course, the events described above show the classic type of matchmaking, when both parents and young people agree. However, as previously described by Akhmarov, there were two more types (violent and without parental approval), within which this wedding ritual was not fully observed.
The twentieth century made its own adjustments to the rituals of the Tatar people. Much was unified, something was lost, and a new festive culture emerged as a whole. This is the time when marriages began to be registered in the registry office, sometimes without performing a traditional religious ceremony (nikah), and parental consent and arranged marriages lose their validity. Newlyweds began to choose their spouses themselves, without taking into account the opinions of the older generation.
The phrases “Tatar wedding” and “halal wedding” are becoming more and more common in our everyday life. Photo by Maxim Platonov
Nowadays, as many researchers note, there has been a revival of interest in traditional forms of culture, including wedding rituals. Thus, many newlyweds consider it obligatory to conduct a religious ceremony called Nikah to start a family. The phrases “Tatar wedding” and “halal wedding” are becoming more and more common in our everyday life. However, it should be noted that today a new wedding ritual has formed, with a combination of pan-Islamic, European, and often slightly traditional Tatar forms of the Tatar wedding ceremony.
Dina Gatina-Shafikova
Reference
Dina Gatina-Shafikova is a research fellow at the Department of Ethnological Research at the Institute of History. Sh. Marjani AN RT.
- In 2010 she graduated from the Faculty of History, Department of Archeology at the Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University.
- In 2014, she completed her postgraduate studies at the Institute of History. Sh. Marjani AN RT.
- From 2010 to 2013, employee of the National Museum of the Republic of Tatarstan.
- Research interests: visual anthropology, Tatar costume, history of the Volga-Ural Tatars.
- Author of a number of popular science and research publications. Columnist of Realnoe Vremya.
The wedding night
The wedding night is not just the entry of spouses into an intimate relationship: it is a special ritual with its own rules and regulations.
It is mustahabb for the groom to treat his wife to sweets and drinks that are permitted on the first wedding night. Before entering into an intimate relationship with his wife, the husband must place his hand on his wife’s forehead, say the basmala, and then say the dua: “O Allah! Truly, I ask You for good from her and all the good things that You have given her! And I resort to You from her evil and from all the evil that You have endowed her with.”
After this, the spouses must jointly perform a prayer of two rak'ahs, reading “O Allah, bless me in my relationship with my wife (husband) and her (him) in my relationship. O Allah, establish goodness between us and separate us kindly during separation!”
When the wife is a virgin, that is, she has not been married before, then the husband, if he has other wives, should spend seven nights with her after concluding the nikah, but if the wife was already married before, then the husband should spend three nights with her. nights .
The custom of showing proof that a spouse was a virgin exists among some Islamic nations, but this is not part of Islamic etiquette and is prohibited in Sharia law.
Step-by-step recipe for making chak-chak dessert with vodka
This unusual oriental sweet causes complete delight. It is prepared simply, without any special problems in the recipe. To make the dough crispier, a little vodka is usually added to its composition.
Cooking time: 90 min.
Cooking time: 50 min.
Servings: 6.
Ingredients:
- Wheat flour – 400 gr.
- Chicken eggs – 2 pcs.
- Vodka – 30 ml.
- Salt – 1 pinch.
- Honey – 250 ml.
- Sugar – 70 gr.
- Sunflower oil – 500 ml.
Cooking process:
1. Beat the eggs with a whisk. Pre-chill them.
2. Next, add sifted flour and a pinch of salt to the bowl, knead the dough. Pour in a little vodka and continue stirring.
3. The dough turns out soft, elastic and does not stick to your hands.
4. Divide the dough into parts, roll them into thin flagella, cut them into pieces 1.5 centimeters long.
5. Pour vegetable oil into the pan, bring it to a boil and fry the dough strips in it.
6. Blot the finished pieces for chak-chak from oil on paper towels.
7. Pour sugar into a saucepan and pour in a couple of teaspoons of water, bring the mixture to a boil, then add honey and stir. Reduce heat and continue cooking the syrup for 5-7 minutes. Place the deep-fried dough in a bowl, pour over the syrup and stir.
8. Then place the chak-chak on a flat dish, shape it into a cone and let it cool completely.
Bon appetit!
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Types of Muslim marriages
Zawaj, nikah, urs is a marriage in which the groom pays mahr to his bride, and the wives who received mahr are equal to each other.
Some Muslim movements have several types of marriage:
- temporary marriage, that is, one that is concluded for a certain period of time. This type of nikah is considered invalid by four Sunni madhhabs; temporary marriage is prohibited in Islam. Shiites recognize temporary marriage as permissible.
- polygamous marriage, that is, one when a man has several wives at the same time, but their number should not exceed four. When divorcing one of his four wives, a man can remarry, but he should not marry if the ex-wife has not yet completed the period of iddah, and between them there is a right to renew the marriage, which exists if there has not been a three-time divorce between them. Polygyny in Islam is permitted and is preferable to monogamous marriage.
- a fictitious marriage, that is, one when a man, having divorced his wife three times - not having the right to return her back according to Sharia, consciously resorts to the path with her when his ex-wife marries another man, entering into an intimate relationship with him, and then divorces him in order to remarry her former husband. In such situations, Muslims enter into fictitious marriages or nikah tahlil in order to subsequently divorce, but Islam prohibits this type of marriage and this is a sin.
How to make homemade chak-chak without adding vodka?
Using this recipe you can prepare one of the variants of the oriental dessert chak-chak. With honey and without vodka, this cake simply melts in your mouth. According to Eastern tradition, such a dessert was prepared for a wedding.
Cooking time: 90 min.
Cooking time: 60 min.
Servings: 6.
Ingredients:
- Sugar – 70 gr.
- Chicken eggs – 2 pcs.
- Wheat flour – 300 gr.
- Vegetable oil – 600 ml.
- Salt - to taste.
- Honey – 140 ml.
- Butter – 50 gr.
Cooking process:
1. Melt the butter and cool it to room temperature. Break the eggs into a bowl and beat them with a whisk. Add salt and half the sugar, stir again. Next, pour in the melted butter and add the sifted flour. Knead into a soft and non-sticky dough.
2. Roll out the dough very thin and cut into strips.
3. Pour vegetable oil into the pan, bring it to a boil and lower the dough pieces into it. Fry the strips until golden brown.
4. Dry the finished dough strips on paper towels and place in a deep bowl. Place the honey and remaining sugar in a saucepan, stirring constantly, bring the mixture to a boil and remove from heat. Pour the syrup over the dough strips and mix well.
5. Place the chak-chak on a flat dish and shape it into a slide. When the syrup has cooled completely, you can take a sample from the dessert.
Bon appetit!
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